Czy moja emerytalna karta KITAS lub emerytalna karta KITAP tracą ważność, gdy opuszczam kraj?

No. The KITAS emerytalny oraz Emerytura KITAP are multiple-entry permits, meaning you can enter and leave Indonesia as often as you want during the validity period.

Your KITAS/KITAP will nie expire automatically just because you travel abroad.
It only expires on its official end date, unless cancelled intentionally (e.g., through an EPO).